Echocardiographic Assessment of Left Ventricular Hypertrophy in Chronic Kidney Disease Patients: Association with Renal Dysfunction Severity and Cardiac Remodeling

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is strongly associated with cardiovascular complications, particularly left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH), which is an important predictor of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. This study evaluated the prevalence of LVH among CKD patients using echocardiography.  

Methods: This cross-sectional observational study included 100 CKD patients aged 18-70 years with estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) <60 ml/min/1.73 m². Echocardiographic assessment was performed using two-dimensional and M-mode echocardiography to evaluate ventricular wall thickness, left ventricular dimensions, and ejection fraction.  

Results: Among the participants, 58% were male and 42% were female, with a mean age of 53.4 ± 11.2 years. LVH was present in 66% of patients and increased progressively with CKD severity, reaching 83% in Stage V CKD patients. Left ventricular systolic dysfunction was observed in 52% of patients.  

Conclusion: LVH is highly prevalent among CKD patients and is significantly associated with worsening renal dysfunction. Echocardiography is an effective non-invasive modality for early detection of cardiovascular abnormalities in CKD patients.